The article examines the challenges of expanding the scope of robotization (automation) in production processes and explores the potential opportunities for implementing this mechanism to enhance labor productivity and profitability in manufacturing enterprises. To understand current trends and prospects of robotization, the authors analyze the state and dynamics of production process automation across various countries, identifying leading nations and industries in the adoption of robotic technologies. The article also evaluates the current status and future prospects of production robotization in Russia. Promising areas and forms of automation, including the use of modern artificial intelligence technologies, are discussed. The study assesses the impact of production robotization on socio-economic development parameters, revealing a complex relationship between the speed and scale of automation and employment levels, migration, and wages. Research also indicates a correlation between robotization and a country’s overall industrial-economic development, as well as continental geography. The Asian region stands as the undisputed leader in robot density per 10,000 employees, with several countries dominating industrial robot production. The article emphasizes that the automation of production processes is already an objective necessity, which cannot be stopped or even slowed down. Societies must prepare for its increasing scale and deployment speed, including through the development of state social policies capable of addressing the challenges it poses. In this context, the article outlines strategic directions for government policy aimed at mitigating the negative socio-economic consequences of robotization.
public administration, industry, robotization, socialization of the economy, socio- economic consequences, economic policy.
1. World Robotics 2024 – Industrial Robots (2024). International Federation of Robotics. URL: https://ifr.org/wr-industrial-robots/ (accessed date: 08.04.2025).
2. Haichao F., Yichuan H., Lixin T. Labor costs and the adoption of robots in China // Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. 2021. Vol. 186. p. 608–631. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2020.11.024
3. Record of 4 Million Robots in Factories Worldwide (2024). International Federation of Robotics. URL: https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/record-of-4-million-robots-working-in-factories-worldwide (accessed date: 08.04.2025).
4. Top 5 Robot Trends 2024 (2024). International Federation of Robotics. URL: https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/top-5-robot-trends-2024 (accessed date: 08.04.2025).
5. Acemoglu D., Lelarge Cl., Restrepo P. Competing with Robots: Firm-Level Evidence from France // AEA Papers and Proceedings. 2020. Vol. 110. p. 383–388. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20201003Political
6. Acemoglu D., Restrepo P. Robots and Jobs: Evidence from US Labor Markets // Journal of Economy. 2020. Vol. 128 (6). p. 2188–2244. URL: https://doi.org/10.1086/705716
7. Adachi D., Kawaguchi D., Saito Y. Robots and Employment: Evidence from Japan, 19782017, RIETI Discussion Paper Series 20-E-051. 2020. 76 p. 59 REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMY
8. The Adjustment of Labor Markets to Robots / D. Wolfgang, F. Sebastian, J. Suedekum, N. Woessner // Journal of the European conomic Association. 2021. Vol. 19 (6). P. 3104–3153. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvab012
9. Gregory T., Salomons A., Zierahn Ul. Racing with or against the machine? Evidence on the role of trade in Europe // Journal of the European Economic Association. 2022. Vol. 20 (2). P. 869–906. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvab040
10. Brynjolfsson E., McAfee A. Race Against The Machine: How The Digital Revolution Is Accelerating Innovation, Driving Productivity, and Irreversibly Transforming Employ ment and The Economy, Digital Frontier Press. 2011. 98 p.
11. Andrew B., Buffie F., Zanna L.-F. Should we fear the robot revolution? (The correct an swer is yes) // Journal of Monetary Economics. 2018. Vol. 97. P. 117–148. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2018.05.014
12. Dekle R. Robots and Industrial Labor: Evidence from Japan. University of Southern California. 2020. 39 p. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3670356
13. Katja M., Dario P. Robots and immigration // Journal of Economic Behavior & Organiza tion. 2024. Vol. 227. p. 1–25. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106708
14. Abeliansky A.L., Prettner K. Automation and population growth: Theory and crosscountry evidence // Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. 2023. Vol. 208. P. 345–358. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2023.02.006
15. Crowley F., Doran J., McCann P. The vulnerability of European regional labour markets to job automation: The role of agglomeration externalities // Regional Studies. 2021. Vol. 55 (10–11). p.1711–1723. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1928041
16. Aksoy C., Berkay O., Julia Ph. Robots and the Gender Pay Gap in Europe, IZA Discussion Papers, 2020. № 13482, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn, 48 p.
17. Traverso S., Vatiero M., Zaninotto E. Robots and labor regulation: A cross-country/cross industry analysis. Economics of Innovation and New Technology. 2022; 32 (7): 977–999. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599.2022.2063122
18. The impact of robots on labour market transitions in Europe / R. Bachmann, M. Gonschor, P. Lewandowski, K. Madoń // IBS Working Papers. 2022. № 1. 62 p. URL: https://ibs.org.pl/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/The-Impact-of-Robots-on-Labour-MarketTransitions-in-Europe-_feb23.pdf (accessed date: 08.04.2025).
19. Iskusstvo manipulâcii: promyšlennaâ robototehnika i integraciâ tehnologij. Dajdžest po robototehnike. Centr razvitiâ promyšlenno robototehniki. https://www.forinsightsconsultancy.com/reports/robotics-as-a-service-market/ date: 08.04.2025). URL: (accessed 20. Robotics as a Service Market Overview (2024). For Insight Consultancy. URL: https://www.forinsightsconsultancy.com/reports/robotics-as-a-service-market/(accessed date: 08.04.2025).
20. Robotics as a Service Market Overview (2024). For Insight Consultancy. URL: https://www.forinsightsconsultancy.com/reports/robotics-as-a-service-market/ (accessed date: 08.04.2025).
21. Ermolov I.L. On the Role of Industrial Robotics in the Development of Russian Industry. Innovations. 2019; (10): 127–129. DOI:https://doi.org/10.26310/2071-3010.2019.252.10.015
22. Kotov E.V. Some Aspects of the Methodological Approach to Assessing the NeoIndustrial Development of the Economy. BENEFICIUM. 2021; 2 (39): 39–47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.34680/BENEFICIUM.2021.2(39).39-47
23. Lec Stanisław Jerzy. Unkempt Thoughts / Translated from Polish by Vl. Rossels. Moscow: Kniga; 1991. 323 p.
